https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nisargadatta_Maharaj
an Indian guru of nondualism, belonging to the Inchagiri Sampradaya, a lineage of teachers from the Navnath Sampradaya.
The publication in 1973 of I Am That, an English translation of his talks in Marathi by Maurice Frydman, brought him worldwide recognition and followers, especially from North America and Europe.[1]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adi_Shankara
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E5%95%86%E7%BE%AF%E7%BD%97
阿迪·商羯羅（馬拉雅拉姆語： ആദി ശങ്കരന്, 天城文： आदि शङ्कर, Ādi Śaṅkara, 發音為/aːd̪i ɕaŋkərə/，788年—820年），印度教的創立者、吠檀多派的集大成者、不二論的創立者。商羯羅屬於南布迪里婆羅門種姓。
阿迪·商羯羅是印度著名的哲學家。商羯羅曾經研究過佛學，並且受到佛敎教義所影響，卻又努力使印傳佛教信奉者和耆那教信奉者改信當時印度的主流宗教，並且去除不少傳統宗教的陳舊教義（例如婆羅門至上的思想和對於婆羅嘉摩神的信仰）丶把婆羅門教改為印度教，以及把佛敎神話中的一些人物吸納至印度教神話當中，導致後來不少印度教信奉者將釋迦牟尼佛視為毘世努神的化身。
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%90%A0%E6%AA%80%E5%A4%9A%E4%B8%8D%E4%BA%8C%E8%AB%96
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta
吠檀多不二論（梵語：Advaita Vedānta，天城文：अद्वैत वेदान्त，IPA：/əd̪vait̪ə veːd̪ɑːnt̪ə/）是印度哲學中最為突出的韋丹塔（即吠檀多），梵文Vedanta的字面意思是吠陀（Veda）的終極結論，也就是吠陀經典（Veda）的最後結論。 Advaita，字面解非二元或不二，是一種一元思想體系。Advaita主要指自我（Atman）和梵（Brahman）是絕對一和同（one and the same）；另一個主要的術語Advitiya，意思是除了梵之外沒有任何是一切事物）。第一個有系統整理不二論的而且著作還依然廣泛流傳的是商羯羅[1]。
從自體心理學到自體的心理學
起因是，「Psychotherapy and its discontents」 (心理治療及其不滿)
1. 那個人，遂橫空出世，惟來路茫茫，已恍若隔世，
2. 除非他內化了某種形上結構，否則不得救贖，
3. 除非他遇見了他者，否則不得逃逸 (lines of flight)，
4. 除非他變成了量子碎片，否則不得自由，
5. 但是，因為他就是量子碎片，所以他必自由，
6. 形體，詐 (乍) 現爾，
7. 此詐 (乍) 現之身 (生)，他如何用，
8. 正考驗著，那個人，
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Georgescu-Roegen
He is best known today for his 1971 paper The Entropy Law and the Economic Process, in which he argued that all natural resources are irreversibly degraded when put to use in economic activity.
According to Georgescu-Roegen's own recollection, the ideas presented in his paradigmatic magnum opus were worked out in his mind over a period of twenty years or so before the final publication.[4]: xiv The three most important sources of inspiration for his work were Émile Borel's monograph on thermodynamics he had read while studying in Paris (see above); Joseph Schumpeter's view that irreversible evolutionary changes are inherent in capitalism; and the Romanian historical record of the large oil refineries in Ploiești becoming target of strategic military attacks in both world wars, proving the importance of natural resources in social conflict.[15]: 146, 153 [41]: 161f [45]: 139f [39]: 185f, 196f [11]: 6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Mumford
Quantum physics and Buddhism are two distinct fields, one rooted in the realm of science and the other in philosophy and spirituality. While some individuals have drawn parallels or made speculative connections between certain aspects of quantum physics and certain concepts in Buddhism, it's important to approach these comparisons with caution and recognize the differences between the two.
Buddhism is a complex and diverse philosophical and spiritual tradition that originated in ancient India. It encompasses a wide range of teachings, practices, and schools of thought. Buddhism focuses on understanding the nature of suffering, the causes of suffering, and the path to liberation or enlightenment. Central concepts in Buddhism include impermanence (anicca), suffering (dukkha), and the absence of a permanent self (anatta).
On the other hand, quantum physics is a branch of physics that deals with the behavior of matter and energy at the smallest scales, typically at the level of atoms and subatomic particles. Quantum mechanics introduces principles such as superposition, entanglement, and uncertainty, which describe the behavior of particles in ways that can be counterintuitive based on classical physics.
Some individuals have attempted to draw parallels between certain aspects of quantum physics, such as the idea of interconnectedness or the role of observation, and certain Buddhist concepts. For example, the concept of interdependence in Buddhism may be loosely compared to the interconnectedness of particles in quantum entanglement. However, these comparisons are often metaphorical and speculative rather than based on rigorous scientific or philosophical evidence.
It's crucial to approach such comparisons with a critical mindset. Quantum physics operates within a well-defined scientific framework with mathematical models and experimental verification, while Buddhism is a rich tradition with a diverse range of interpretations and practices. The two should be understood in their respective contexts, and caution should be exercised to avoid overgeneralizations or misconceptions about the nature of either field.
The relationship between quantum physics and consciousness is a topic of much debate and speculation. While some researchers and theorists suggest that there may be connections between quantum phenomena and aspects of consciousness, it's essential to note that the majority of the scientific community remains cautious and skeptical about such claims.
Quantum physics deals with the behavior of matter and energy at the smallest scales, and its principles can be quite counterintuitive. Some proponents of a connection between quantum physics and consciousness propose ideas such as quantum superposition, entanglement, or non-locality playing a role in explaining consciousness. However, there is no consensus on these ideas, and many experts argue that classical physics is sufficient to explain brain function and consciousness.
The challenge lies in bridging the gap between the microscopic world of quantum physics and the macroscopic world of the brain, which operates on a much larger scale. The brain is a complex biological system, and quantum effects at the level of neurons and synapses are typically considered negligible due to the warm and noisy environment of biological systems.
Furthermore, the vast majority of neuroscientists and physicists working on the nature of consciousness focus on classical physics and neural processes to understand cognitive phenomena. Many theories propose that consciousness emerges from the complex interactions of neurons and their networks, without the need for quantum effects.
In summary, while the idea of a connection between quantum physics and consciousness is intriguing and has generated much speculation, it remains a speculative and controversial area without robust empirical support. The scientific community continues to explore various avenues to better understand consciousness, but as of now, there is no widely accepted theory that relies on quantum physics to explain the nature of consciousness.
你要理解，兩分法 (duality)，是我們對於這個世界的，第一個分殊 （distinction)，
這個分殊，是蠻荒原始，人類難得的成就，
因為，它開啟了我們的思考，
從此，你可以在兩個撞球之間，撞來撞去，
有趣的是，通常，我們只走了這麼遠，
意思是說，我們離蠻荒原始，只有一線之隔，
直到，第三顆撞球出現，
意思是說，大於等於三的世界，才能掙脫兩分法的辯證，
黑格爾說，三及大於三的世界，很快又會，回到二的世界，
這明顯是，受限於牛頓的，古典物理學的思維，
這也表示，我們的大腦運作，容易墮回二的辨證，
意思是說，那個世界，是我們唯一熟悉的世界，
我們錯以為，那就是家，
直到你離家，遇見陌生人，
https://iai.tv/articles/tim-palmer-quantum-computing-is-the-key-to-consciousness-auid-2410
See also
https://www.symmetrymagazine.org/article/the-second-quantum-revolution?language_content_entity=und
https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-98824-5
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9783527837427.ch2
https://www.nist.gov/physics/introduction-new-quantum-revolution/second-quantum-revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Su%C3%A1rez
From 1597 to 1636 the Disputationes Metaphysicae were published in seventeen editions; no modern edition of Suárez's complete works is yet available and only few of Suárez's Disputations have been translated into English.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Far%C3%ADas
https://youtu.be/_TEEJeyZNaM?si=Dwtk4Zs22r9iFhu7
A one-time student of Heidegger, Farías is best known for his controversial book Heidegger and Nazism (1987), which concluded that Heidegger's philosophy is inherently fascist. His writings are informed by his philosophical education in Germany and a political commitment to the Chilean left. Farías viewpoint in his work is also conscious of Chile's involvement as a place of sanctuary and refuge to Nazis during and after the war. Upon its publication, Heidegger and Nazism obtained international attention and was published in 14 countries.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Memmi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignacio_Mart%C3%ADn-Bar%C3%B3
He was one of the victims of the 1989 murders of Jesuits in El Salvador.
Salvador (1986)
Salvador is a 1986 American war drama film co-written and directed by Oliver Stone. It stars James Woods as Richard Boyle, alongside Jim Belushi, Michael Murphy and Elpidia Carrillo, with John Savage and Cynthia Gibb in supporting roles. Stone co-wrote the screenplay with Boyle.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_(film)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Belushi#Filmography
Dr Rock (Salvador, 1986)
He is the younger brother of late comedy actor John Belushi (1949-1982).
Lines of flight，
悲傷的結論是，不可能掙脫，
或掙脫未及，就已掛掉，
不這麼悲傷的結論是，極其罕見，你會遇到，曾試著掙脫的前輩 （意思是說，讀史，思想史，精神分析史，廿四史，你要尋找這樣的前輩，這件事德勒茲做過，這是德勒茲何以有趣的原因），
以至於你，飛蛾撲火，老鼠游泳，「不忍」放棄，
甚至，以為還有希望，
或其實，「沒有」希望，也不要緊，
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Negri
On 16 March 1978, Aldo Moro, the party leader of the Christian Democrats and the former Italian Prime Minister, was kidnapped in Rome by the Red Brigades. Forty-five days after the kidnapping and nine days before his death,[17] the Red Brigades called his family and informed Moro's wife of his impending death.[17] The conversation was recorded and later broadcasted. While a number of people who knew Negri at the time identified him as the probable author of the call, the caller was later revealed to be Valerio Morucci.[28][29]
On 7 April 1979, in a politically motivated arrest, Negri and other activists were charged with kidnapping, assassination and insurrection.[26] Padova's Public Prosecutor Pietro Calogero accused them of being involved in the political wing of the Red Brigades, and thus behind left-wing terrorism in Italy. Negri was charged with a number of offences, including leadership of the Red Brigades, masterminding the 1978 kidnapping and murder of the President of the Christian Democratic Party Aldo Moro, and plotting to overthrow the government.[30] At the time, Negri was a political science professor at the University of Padua and visiting lecturer at Paris' École Normale Supérieure. The Italian public was shocked that an academic could be involved in such events.[17]
A year later, Negri was exonerated of Aldo Moro's kidnapping after a leader of the BR, having decided to cooperate with the prosecution, testified that Negri "had nothing to do with the Red Brigades."[14] The charge of 'armed insurrection against the State' against Negri was dropped at the last moment, and, because of this, he did not receive the 30-year plus life sentence requested by the prosecutor, but received just 30 years for being the instigator of political activist Carlo Saronio's murder and having 'morally concurred' with the murder of Andrea Lombardini, a carabiniere, during a failed bank robbery.[14]
His philosopher peers saw little fault with Negri's activities. Michel Foucault commented, "Isn't he in jail simply for being an intellectual?"[31] French philosophers Félix Guattari and Gilles Deleuze also signed in November 1977 L'Appel des intellectuels français contre la répression en Italie (The Call of French Intellectuals Against Repression in Italy) in protest against Negri's imprisonment and Italian anti-terrorism legislation.[32][33] In the late 1980s Italian President Francesco Cossiga described Antonio Negri as "a psychopath" who "poisoned the minds of an entire generation of Italy's youth."[34]
In 1983, four years after his arrest and while he was still in prison awaiting trial, Negri was elected to the Italian legislature as a member for the Radical Party.[35] He was freed from prison claiming parliamentary immunity and was released, fleeing to France with the help of Félix Guattari and Amnesty International.[13] His release was later revoked when the Chamber of Deputies voted to strip him of his immunity.[26][13] Negri remained in exile in France for the next 14 years, where he was protected from extradition by the "Mitterrand doctrine".[13]
In France, Negri began teaching at the Paris VIII (Vincennes)[13] and the Collège international de philosophie, founded by Jacques Derrida. Although the conditions of his residence in France prevented him from engaging in political activities, he wrote prolifically and was active in a broad coalition of left-wing intellectuals.[26]
In 1997, he returned to Italy to serve out his sentence hoping to raise awareness of the status of hundreds of other political exiles from Italy.[13] His sentence was commuted and he was released from prison in 2003, having written some of his most influential works while behind bars.[13]
Listed in order of their first publication in English.
