The Chinese room argument holds that a program cannot give a computer a "mind", "understanding" or "consciousness", regardless of how intelligently or human-like the program may make the computer behave. The argument was first presented by philosopher John Searle in his paper, "Minds, Brains, and Programs", published in Behavioral and Brain Sciences in 1980. It has been widely discussed in the years since. The centerpiece of the argument is a thought experiment known as the Chinese room.
In this thought experiment, a person in the "Chinese room" is passed questions from outside the room, and consults a library of books to formulate an answer.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_room
