Friday, April 5, 2019
50 Concepts for a Critical Phenomenology (Gail Weiss, Gayle Salamon, Ann V. Murphy, Northwestern University Press, 2019-11-15)
"50 Concepts for a Critical Phenomenology is an invaluable resource. Not only does it offer a clear overview of key texts and figures both within the center and the periphery of the phenomenological tradition, but it stands as a crucial critical intervention in the practice of phenomenology itself. It challenges us take seriously the 'infinite task' of better understanding the very ways and means whereby we understand the world and our role in it. It shows, in other words, that rigorous phenomenology must be 'critical, ' and that critical phenomenology demands that we leave behind the comfort of tradition." --Michael J. Monahan, author of The Creolizing Subject: Race, Reason, and the Politics of Purity (amazon)
M (FJU 2019) - 清明時節雨紛紛
有一個精神分析的謎藏在1920年代
這件事很久以前我曾說過
但其實我不知道為什麼當時我這麼說
意思是說1930年代顛沛流離開始
之後的局反而比較容易梳理
關鍵者是Sandor Ferenczi, Otto Rank, Georg Groddeck, Otto Gross
目前想法極為粗糙大致如是
中国再现“告密文化”，受告密最大威胁的很可能是习近平本人.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FTGJ4pymQAg
告密比照五毛
是一種中國特色社會主義的專業
每告一密得五根毛
老毛的陰險的毛
告密是埋伏設套監視背叛
作為重要的邪惡統治策略
其基礎為製造猜疑恐懼仇恨
意思是說將人和人之間的關係奠基於猜疑恐懼仇恨
人和人之間就不可能善意信任建立關係以致集結
統治者就可以面帶無我的微笑屠殺被原子化的異己者
一個一個地殺殺一儆百地殺為人民服務地殺
所以告密文化破壞的是人和人之間基本的善意和信任
製造的是克萊茵講的P-S Position
意思是說每個人都退化到 P-S Position
和另一個退化到P-S Position的人
用P-S Position的退化的方式互動
意思是說舉國都瘋狂退化成為邊緣性人格違常
這件事不是文革才有
延安時期應就已開始
臨床上我們遇到邊緣性人格違常者幼稚搞怪操弄
這是治療情境移情當然混亂當反移情稍歇我們會說
他不是故意的
他不知道他在做甚麼
現實上我們遇到告密者惡意城府陷害
這不是治療情境所以沒有移情和反移情的問題我們會說
他是故意的
他知道他在做甚麼
Thursday, April 4, 2019
Otto Gross (1877-1920)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Gross
https://www.therapyroute.com/article/healing-wounded-history-by-gm-heuer
https://www.therapyroute.com/article/healing-wounded-history-by-gm-heuer
Freud's
'Outstanding' Colleague/Jung's 'Twin Brother': The suppressed psychoanalytic
and political significance of Otto Gross, by Gottfried M. Heuer, Routledge, 2016
Otto Gross was the first analyst to link his work with
radical politics, connecting inner, personal transformation with outer,
collective change. Since his death in 1920 his work has been suppressed,
despite his seminal influence on the developing analytic discipline and on the
fields of sociology, philosophy and literature. Here Gottfried M. Heuer
introduces Gross’ life and ideas, using an innovative, historiographic
methodology he terms trans-historical: a psychoanalytic,
intersubjective, and trans-temporal approach to the past, aimed at ‘healing
wounded history’ in the present.
Heuer considers several previously unpublished sources to
explore Gross’s ideas and legacy as well as his unusually bohemian life. His
use of the anarchist concept of mutuality to develop a relational and
intersubjective approach in his own analytic theory and clinical practice was
unique, and his work had a lasting, yet unacknowledged, influence on Freud,
Jung (with whom he had the first recorded mutual analysis) and many other
analysts. His ideas were appropriated by Max Weber, the founder of sociology, and
by the philosopher Martin Buber, playing a pivotal role in what we now call
‘modernity’. Heuer also explores Gross’s paradigmatic father/son battle with
his father Hans, who established the science of criminology, and touches upon
Gross’s links to the literary field of the early 20th century
via Kafka, Werfel, et al., German expressionism and the Dada-movement, as well
as the Anglo-American world through the work of D. H. Lawrence.
This
innovative, multi-faceted approach to Gross’s work and its influence marks a
turning point, putting him firmly on the map of the historiography of analysis
as well as linking this field with the neighbouring disciplines of the history
of law and criminology, literature, sociology and philosophy. In addition,
Gross continuing relevance for leading edge clinical and political ideas is
addressed. This book will be essential reading for Jungian and Freudian
analysts, psychotherapists and counsellors, academics and students of analysis,
politics, history, criminology and sociology.(amazon) (kindle 2017-9-19)
Gottfried M. Heuer
is a Jungian training analyst and supervisor, neo-Reichian body psychotherapist
and independent scholar based in London, with some 70 papers published in the
major analytic journals. He is co-founder of the International Otto Gross
Society as well as a published graphic artist, photographer, sculptor and poet.
His previous books include Sacral Revolutions. Reflecting on the Work
of Andrew Samuels and Sexual Revolutions: Psychoanalysis,
History and the Father (both Routledge).
Gottfried M. Heuer talks to Jonathan Chadwick about
this book on https://vimeo.com/196609212 (amazon)
M (FJU 2019) - 其實
昨天上午我們提到治療者是誰
我說我希望他生活歷練豐富一點狂野一點
不要被中產生活方式話語系統價值觀限制
我說上層社會名流權貴看不上他
他們需要被宋七力治療
或那個電影看多的姓黃的小鬼
我個人比較推薦老宋
他會玩分身
這是有難度的
不信你分分看
昨天我說結果是
治療者通常中產出身
只能治療中產
結果是兩個中產一起繡花
構建了落淚後團圓的世界
我們都不禁感動起來
意思是說他看不上藍領
那些嚼檳榔看著你縫他的斷指的螃蟹
其實昨天我沒有說這麼多年來
對治療者我是保持距離沒有興趣的
除非他酒量很好
又可以用七種語言叫床
這是有難度的
不信你叫叫看
我今天下午要去高雄簽中美貿易合同
這時12:17正午
這是一個隱喻
簽合同的前提是
雙方都說得出下面這句話
我今天下午要去高雄
當然實情是
我是胡說的
所以合同合同合同
你他媽的不必當真
或他媽的你不必當真
或你不必他媽的當真
以上三份合同
你要簽哪一份
The Sea, The Sea, The Sea
既然The Sea (David Farrell Krell, 2019)
The Sea, The Sea (Iris Murdoch, 1978)
所以我必須The Sea, The Sea, The Sea
意思是說三次
就像Sabina, Sabina, Sabina
但是其實我已十年沒有見到海
M (FJU 2019) - Sándor Ferenczi 留給我們的問題是甚麼 ?
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1ttczXQMm9ICi1VQasKOJuNTGeLFC1-D9?usp=sharing
see also
The first starting point of the book was my reading— decades ago now— of Sándor Ferenczi’s Thalassa: A Theory of Genitality (1924). That remarkable book expanded Freudian psychoanalytic theory in the direction of what Ferenczi called bioanalysis. I was gripped by the main theme of bioanalysis, which is what Ferenczi called “the thalassic regressive undertow.” By that he meant that the sea, celebrated by poets and scientists alike as the original site and source of life, eventually draws all life back to itself. (kindle location 44-48)
On the way to Leukothea, the present book visits some early Greek thinkers who are joined by Hölderlin and Nietzsche, Goethe, Schelling and Hegel, Melville and Woolf, along with the psychoanalyst Sándor Ferenczi. (kindle location 263-264)
Krell, David Farrell. The Sea. Bloomsbury Publishing. 2019, Kindle edition.
how interesting, SF must have a belly laugh, when he sees this one (2019-4-4)
see also
The first starting point of the book was my reading— decades ago now— of Sándor Ferenczi’s Thalassa: A Theory of Genitality (1924). That remarkable book expanded Freudian psychoanalytic theory in the direction of what Ferenczi called bioanalysis. I was gripped by the main theme of bioanalysis, which is what Ferenczi called “the thalassic regressive undertow.” By that he meant that the sea, celebrated by poets and scientists alike as the original site and source of life, eventually draws all life back to itself. (kindle location 44-48)
On the way to Leukothea, the present book visits some early Greek thinkers who are joined by Hölderlin and Nietzsche, Goethe, Schelling and Hegel, Melville and Woolf, along with the psychoanalyst Sándor Ferenczi. (kindle location 263-264)
Krell, David Farrell. The Sea. Bloomsbury Publishing. 2019, Kindle edition.
how interesting, SF must have a belly laugh, when he sees this one (2019-4-4)
M (FJU 2019) - 1920s, 1940s, 1950s
Influential Papers from the
1920s (The IJPA Key Papers Series), ed. by R. D. Hinshelwood, Routledge, 2005
A collection of papers from the International Journal of
Psychoanalysis that were originally published in the 1920s. The papers are
divided into their subject matter and contextualised through comprehensive and
clear introductions. This is an essential anthology of classic papers. The
editor has chosen papers for this volume that deal with substantial issues in
the development of psychoanalysis that still have profound echoes in
psychoanalytic discussion today. His broad selection includes significant
papers on: child analysis, sublimation, female sexuality, active technique,
character and libidinal development, super-ego, the reality principle, and lay
analysis. This essential anthology contains classic papers by Karl Abraham,
Sandor Ferenczi, Anna Freud, Edward Glover, Karen Horney, Ernest Jones, Melanie
Klein, Joan Riviere, and Hermine von Hug-Helmuth.
Influential Papers from the 1940s (Psychology,
Psychoanalysis & Psychotherapy), ed. by R. D. Hinshelwood, Routledge, 2005
The 1940s was a time of great change in the psychoanalytic
world. The war sounded a deathblow to continental European psychoanalysis and
the death of Freud at first brought uncertainty over the future of
psychoanalysis but ultimately led to greater creative freedom in exploring new
ideas and theories. These years marked the birth of post-Freudian issues. There
was a reflective attitude towards psychoanalysis itself, caused by Freud's
death and the diaspora of analysts. There were new debates on the relations
between psychoanalysis and subjects such as philosophy and biology. There was a
good deal of freedom to review metapsychology, and ideas such as the
development of group therapy, now established, were starting to take root.A new
generation of analysts began to emerge at this time, those who would become
highly significant in the development of British psychoanalysis and the
object-relations school in later years. The 1940s was the first post-Freudian
decade and the most British decade of the International Journal. They marked an
abundance of new ideas and new individuals that would grow to leave their mark
on the subsequent decades.
Influential Papers from the
1950s (Psychology, Psychoanalysis & Psychotherapy), ed. by Andrew C. Furman, Routledge, 2003
The 1950s were a pivotal era in psychoanalysis. It was a time
when psychoanalytic attention turned from the exploration of the internal world
to the external. The influence of object relational ideas grew on various
issues and Kleinian ideas gained a stronger foothold in North America. There
were numerous contributions on the subject of countertransference from varying
psychoanalytic schools of thought. Early preoedipal experiences between child
and mother moved to the forefront of analytic theory, coupled with a growing
recognition of the critical importance of this relationship on subsequent
development. There was a burgeoning interest in serious personality
disturbances.The first of the IJPA Key Papers Series: Papers from the Decades,
this is an indispensable volume packed with classic texts that are as relevant
today as they were in the 1950s, a pivotal era in psychoanalysis. They are
essential reading for anyone connected to or interested in
psychoanalysis.Contributors:Michael Balint; W.R. Bion; John Bowlby; Paula
Heimann; Jacques Lacan; Margaret Little; Rudolf Loewenstein; Margaret Mahler;
Roger Money-Kryle; Heinrich Racker; Annie Reich; Hanna Segal; D.W. Winnicott;
and Elizabeth Zetzel.
interestingly enough, only those three decades were dealt with so far (2019-4-4)
Existentialists and Mystics: Writings on Philosophy and Literature (Iris Murdoch, 1998)
Most readers think of Murdoch first as a novelist, but as this excellent anthology makes clear, she is an outstanding philosopher as well. After World War II, she established herself as an authority on existentialism, though she did not herself accept this doctrine, viewing it as stressing human autonomy to an undue degree. She locates a similar failing in much contemporary analytic moral philosophy. Instead, she thinks of values as objective: human beings contemplate them rather than create them. Her philosophy culminates in a nontheistic mysticism bearing strong affinities to Plato. (amazon) (kindle 2019-4-4)
Iris Murdoch: A Life: The Authorized Biography (Peter J. Conradi, HarperCollins, 2011)
A full and revealing biography of one of the century’s greatest English writers and an icon to a generation.
Dame Iris Murdoch has played a major role in English life and letter for nearly half a century. As A.S.Byatt notes, she is ‘absolutely central to our culture’. As a novelist, as a thinker, and as a private individual, her life has significance for our age. There is a recognisable Murdoch world, and the adjective ‘Murdochian’ has entered the language to describe situations where a small group of people interract intricately and strangely. Her story is as emotionally fascinating as that of Virginia Woolf, but far less well known; hers has been an adventurous, highly eventful life, a life of phenomenal emotional and intellectual pressures, and her books portray a real world which is if anything toned down as well as mythicised. For Iris’s formative years, astonishingly, movingly and intimately documented by Conradi’s meticulous research, were spent among the leading European and British intellectuals who fought and endured World War II, and her life like her books, was full of the most extraordinary passions and profound relationships with some of the most inspiring and influential thinkers, artists, writers and poets of that turbulent time and after.
Peter Conradi was very close to both Iris Murdoch and John Bayley, Iris’s husband, whose memoir of their life together has itself been the subject of an enormous amount of attention and acclaim. This will be an extraordinarily full biography, for there are vast resources in diaries and papers and friends’ recollections, and while it is a superlative biography it is also a superb history of a generation who have profoundly influenced our world today. (amazon) (accessible via scribd)
The Sea, The Sea (Iris Murdoch, 1978) (1919-1999)
Iris Murdoch, 1978 (kindle 2019-4-4)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_Murdoch
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Sea,_the_Sea
Wednesday, April 3, 2019
M ( FJU 2019) - 活得像流浪狗或雲遊僧
沈從文的邊城裡有這麼一段
某君突然重病猝死下榻客棧
P君提問關於治療者狀態
基本上治療者易文人相輕
因為這件事非比尋常主觀
相輕的意思是不易相重相惜
所以這考驗著當事人的氣度
意思是說氣度遼闊者知道
一代宗師是一個江湖笑話
真正的一代宗師不是葉問
是不惜斷髮青燈絕後宮二
俠是我對治療者最大的恭維
這種人活得像流浪狗或雲遊僧
死當然如同無聲他鄉客棧落葉
Tuesday, April 2, 2019
A Thousand Plateaus and Philosophy (ed. Henry Somers-Hall, Jeffrey A. Bell, James Williams, EUP, 2018)
A collaborative close reading of A Thousand Plateaus by some of the world's leading Deleuze and Guattari scholars
This volume brings together a team of international specialists on Deleuze and Guattari to provide in-depth critical studies of each plateau of their major work, A Thousand Plateaus. It combines an overview of the text with deep scholarship and brings a renewed focus on the philosophical significance of their project.
A Thousand Plateaus represents a whole new way of doing philosophy. This collection supports the critical reception of Deleuze and Guattari's text as one of the most important and influential works of modern theory. (amazon)
This volume brings together a team of international specialists on Deleuze and Guattari to provide in-depth critical studies of each plateau of their major work, A Thousand Plateaus. It combines an overview of the text with deep scholarship and brings a renewed focus on the philosophical significance of their project.
A Thousand Plateaus represents a whole new way of doing philosophy. This collection supports the critical reception of Deleuze and Guattari's text as one of the most important and influential works of modern theory. (amazon)
Maurice Blanchot and Fragmentary Writing: A Change of Epoch (Leslie Hill, Continuum, 2012)
Writing in fragments is often held to be one of the most distinctive signature effects of Romantic, modern, and postmodern literature. But what is the fragment, and what may be said to be its literary, philosophical, and political significance? Few writers have explored these questions with such probing radicality and rigorous tenacity as the French writer and thinker Maurice Blanchot.
For the first time in any language, this book explores in detail Blanchot's own writing in fragments in order to understand the stakes of the fragmentary within philosophical and literary modernity. It attends in detail to each of Blanchot's fragmentary works (Awaiting Forgetting, The Step Not Beyond, and The Writing of the Disaster) and reconstructs Blanchot's radical critical engagement with the philosophical and literary tradition, in particular with Hegel, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Heraclitus, Levinas, Derrida, Nancy, Mallarmé, Char, and others, and assesses Blanchot's account of politics, Jewish thought, and the Shoah, with a view to understanding the stakes of fragmentary writing in Blanchot and within philosophical and literary modernity in general. (amazon)
“In his recent book, Maurice Blanchot and Fragmentary Writing, Hill argues convincingly that the fragmentary indicates an ethico-political exigency in Blanchot's writing that is all too often overlooked by his critics and neglected by historians of modern literature. Hill frames his readings of Blanchot around the view that the fragment does not simply designate a missing piece of the whole, which must be recovered or restored. On the contrary, it ruins the logic of completion that is elsewhere held to unify the work of literature.” ―Michael Krimper, Make Mag (amazon)
M (FJU 2019)
第一代 Freudians 面對的風險是甚麼？
瘋狂 毀滅 自殺 boundary violations
but, paradoxically, they were closer to the real, than the later generations
瘋狂 毀滅 自殺 boundary violations
but, paradoxically, they were closer to the real, than the later generations
Affect Regulation Theory: A Clinical Model (Norton Series on Interpersonal Neurobiology Book) (Daniel Hill, W. W. Norton & Company, 2015)
The rich, complex theory of affect regulation boiled down into a clinically useful guide.
Affect regulation theory—the science of how humans regulate their emotions—is at the root of all psychotherapies. Drawing on attachment, developmental trauma, implicit processes, and neurobiology, major theorists from Allan Schore to Daniel Stern have argued how and why regulated affect is key to our optimal functioning. This book translates the intricacies of the theory into a cogent clinical synthesis.
With clarity and practicality, Hill decodes the massive body of contemporary research on affect regulation, offering a comprehensible and ready-to-implement model for conducting affect regulation therapy.The book is organized around the four domains of a clinical model: (1) a theory of bodymind; (2) a theory of optimal development of affect regulation in secure attachment relationships; (3) a theory of pathogenesis, in which disordered affect regulation originates in relational trauma and insecure attachment relationships; and (4) a theory of therapeutic actions targeted to repair the affect regulating systems.
The key themes of Hill’s affect-focused approach include: how and why different patterns of affect regulation develop; how regulatory patterns are transmitted from caretakers to the infants; what adaptive and maladaptive regulatory patterns look like neurobiologically, psychologically, and relationally; how deficits in affect regulation manifest as psychiatric symptoms and personality disorders; and ultimately, the means by which regulatory deficits can be repaired. Specific chapters explore such subjects as self states, mentalization, classical and modern attachment theory, relational trauma (and its manifestations in chronic dissociation, personality disorders, and pervasive dissociated shame), supporting self-development in therapy, patient–therapist attunement, implicit and explicit therapeutic actions, and many more. (amazon) (kindle 2019-4-2)
Monday, April 1, 2019
关于坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的几个问题 (習近平 2019-3-31)
http://www.xinhuanet.com/2019-03/31/c_1124307481.htm
第一，中国特色社会主义是社会主义而不是其他什么主义，科学社会主义基本原则不能丢，丢了就不是社会主义。我们党始终强调，中国特色社会主义，既坚持了科学社会主义基本原则，又根据时代条件赋予其鲜明的中国特色。这就是说，中国特色社会主义是社会主义，不是别的什么主义。一个国家实行什么样的主义，关键要看这个主义能否解决这个国家面临的历史性课题。在中华民族积贫积弱、任人宰割的时期，各种主义和思潮都进行过尝试，资本主义道路没有走通，改良主义、自由主义、社会达尔文主义、无政府主义、实用主义、民粹主义、工团主义等也都“你方唱罢我登场”，但都没能解决中国的前途和命运问题。是马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想引导中国人民走出了漫漫长夜、建立了新中国，是中国特色社会主义使中国快速发展起来了。不说更早的时期，就从改革开放开始，特别是苏联解体、东欧剧变以后，唱衰中国的舆论在国际上不绝于耳，各式各样的“中国崩溃论”从来没有中断过。但是，中国非但没有崩溃，反而综合国力与日俱增，人民生活水平不断提高，“风景这边独好”。历史和现实都告诉我们，只有社会主义才能救中国，只有中国特色社会主义才能发展中国，这是历史的结论、人民的选择。
近些年来，国内外有些舆论提出中国现在搞的究竟还是不是社会主义的疑问，有人说是“资本社会主义”，还有人干脆说是“国家资本主义”、“新官僚资本主义”。这些都是完全错误的。我们说中国特色社会主义是社会主义，那就是不论怎么改革、怎么开放，我们都始终要坚持中国特色社会主义道路、中国特色社会主义理论体系、中国特色社会主义制度，坚持党的十八大提出的夺取中国特色社会主义新胜利的基本要求。这就包括在中国共产党领导下，立足基本国情，以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则，坚持改革开放，解放和发展社会生产力，建设社会主义市场经济、社会主义民主政治、社会主义先进文化、社会主义和谐社会、社会主义生态文明，促进人的全面发展，逐步实现全体人民共同富裕，建设富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家；包括坚持人民代表大会制度的根本政治制度，中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度以及基层群众自治制度等基本政治制度，中国特色社会主义法律体系，公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度。这些都是在新的历史条件下体现科学社会主义基本原则的内容，如果丢掉了这些，那就不成其为社会主义了。
邓小平同志曾经深刻地、总结性地指出：“我们的现代化建设，必须从中国的实际出发。无论是革命还是建设，都要注意学习和借鉴外国经验。但是，照抄照搬别国经验、别国模式，从来不能得到成功。这方面我们有过不少教训。”过去不能搞全盘苏化，现在也不能搞全盘西化或者其他什么化。冷战结束后，不少发展中国家被迫采纳了西方模式，结果党争纷起、社会动荡、人民流离失所，至今都难以稳定下来。《庄子·秋水》中写道：“且子独不闻夫寿陵余子之学行于邯郸与？未得国能，又失其故行矣，直匍匐而归耳。”我们千万不能“邯郸学步，失其故行”。我们就是把马克思主义中国化，就是搞中国特色社会主义。近年来，随着我国综合国力和国际地位上升，国际上关于“北京共识”、“中国模式”、“中国道路”等议论和研究也多了起来，其中不乏赞扬者。一些外国学者认为，中国的快速发展，导致一些西方理论正在被质疑，一种新版的马克思主义理论正在颠覆西方的传统理论。我们始终认为，各国的发展道路应由各国人民选择。所谓的“中国模式”是中国人民在自己的奋斗实践中创造的中国特色社会主义道路。我们坚信，随着中国特色社会主义不断发展，我们的制度必将越来越成熟，我国社会主义制度的优越性必将进一步显现，我们的道路必将越走越宽广，我国发展道路对世界的影响必将越来越大。我们就是要有这样的道路自信、理论自信、制度自信，真正做到“千磨万击还坚劲，任尔东西南北风”。
第二，我们党领导人民进行社会主义建设，有改革开放前和改革开放后两个历史时期，这是两个相互联系又有重大区别的时期，但本质上都是我们党领导人民进行社会主义建设的实践探索。中国特色社会主义是在改革开放历史新时期开创的，但也是在新中国已经建立起社会主义基本制度并进行了20多年建设的基础上开创的。正确认识这个问题，要把握3个方面。一是，如果没有1978年我们党果断决定实行改革开放，并坚定不移推进改革开放，坚定不移把握改革开放的正确方向，社会主义中国就不可能有今天这样的大好局面，就可能面临严重危机，就可能遇到像苏联、东欧国家那样的亡党亡国危机。同时，如果没有1949年建立新中国并进行社会主义革命和建设，积累了重要的思想、物质、制度条件，积累了正反两方面经验，改革开放也很难顺利推进。二是，虽然这两个历史时期在进行社会主义建设的思想指导、方针政策、实际工作上有很大差别，但两者决不是彼此割裂的，更不是根本对立的。我们党在社会主义建设实践中提出了许多正确主张，当时没有真正落实，改革开放后得到了真正贯彻，将来也还是要坚持和发展的。马克思早就说过：“人们自己创造自己的历史，但是他们并不是随心所欲地创造，并不是在他们自己选定的条件下创造，而是在直接碰到的、既定的、从过去承继下来的条件下创造。”三是，对改革开放前的历史时期要正确评价，不能用改革开放后的历史时期否定改革开放前的历史时期，也不能用改革开放前的历史时期否定改革开放后的历史时期。改革开放前的社会主义实践探索为改革开放后的社会主义实践探索积累了条件，改革开放后的社会主义实践探索是对前一个时期的坚持、改革、发展。对改革开放前的社会主义实践探索，要坚持实事求是的思想路线，分清主流和支流，坚持真理，修正错误，发扬经验，吸取教训，在这个基础上把党和人民事业继续推向前进。
我之所以强调这个问题，是因为这个重大政治问题处理不好，就会产生严重政治后果。古人说：“灭人之国，必先去其史。”国内外敌对势力往往就是拿中国革命史、新中国历史来做文章，竭尽攻击、丑化、污蔑之能事，根本目的就是要搞乱人心，煽动推翻中国共产党的领导和我国社会主义制度。苏联为什么解体？苏共为什么垮台？一个重要原因就是意识形态领域的斗争十分激烈，全面否定苏联历史、苏共历史，否定列宁，否定斯大林，搞历史虚无主义，思想搞乱了，各级党组织几乎没任何作用了，军队都不在党的领导之下了。最后，苏联共产党偌大一个党就作鸟兽散了，苏联偌大一个社会主义国家就分崩离析了。这是前车之鉴啊！邓小平同志指出：“毛泽东思想这个旗帜丢不得。丢掉了这个旗帜，实际上就否定了我们党的光辉历史。总的来说，我们党的历史还是光辉的历史。虽然我们党在历史上，包括建国以后的30年中，犯过一些大错误，甚至犯过搞‘文化大革命’这样的大错误，但是我们党终究把革命搞成功了。中国在世界上的地位，是在中华人民共和国成立以后才大大提高的。只有中华人民共和国的成立，才使我们这个人口占世界总人口近1/4的大国，在世界上站起来，而且站住了。”他还强调：“对毛泽东同志的评价，对毛泽东思想的阐述，不是仅仅涉及毛泽东同志个人的问题，这同我们党、我们国家的整个历史是分不开的。要看到这个全局。”“这不只是个理论问题，尤其是个政治问题，是国际国内的很大的政治问题。”这就是一个伟大马克思主义政治家的眼界和胸怀。试想一下，如果当时全盘否定了毛泽东同志，那我们党还能站得住吗？我们国家的社会主义制度还能站得住吗？那就站不住了，站不住就会天下大乱。所以，正确处理改革开放前后的社会主义实践探索的关系，不只是一个历史问题，更主要的是一个政治问题。建议大家把《关于建国以来党的若干历史问题的决议》找出来再看看。
第三，马克思主义必定随着时代、实践和科学的发展而不断发展，不可能一成不变，社会主义从来都是在开拓中前进的。坚持和发展中国特色社会主义是一篇大文章，邓小平同志为它确定了基本思路和基本原则，以江泽民同志为核心的党的第三代中央领导集体、以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央在这篇大文章上都写下了精彩的篇章。现在，我们这一代共产党人的任务，就是继续把这篇大文章写下去。30多年来，中国特色社会主义取得了巨大成就，加之新中国成立以后打下的基础，这是它得以站得住、行得远的重要基础。我们对社会主义的认识，对中国特色社会主义规律的把握，已经达到了一个前所未有的新的高度，这一点不容置疑。同时，也要看到，我国社会主义还处在初级阶段，我们还面临很多没有弄清楚的问题和待解的难题，对许多重大问题的认识和处理都还处在不断深化的过程之中，这一点也不容置疑。对事物的认识是需要一个过程的，而对社会主义这个我们只搞了几十年的东西，我们的认识和把握也还是非常有限的，还需要在实践中不断深化和发展。
坚持马克思主义，坚持社会主义，一定要有发展的观点，一定要以我国改革开放和现代化建设的实际问题、以我们正在做的事情为中心，着眼于马克思主义理论的运用，着眼于对实际问题的理论思考，着眼于新的实践和新的发展。我们说过，世界上没有放之四海而皆准的发展道路和发展模式，也没有一成不变的发展道路和发展模式。我们过去取得的实践和理论成果，能够帮助我们更好面对和解决前进中的问题，但不能成为我们骄傲自满的理由，更不能成为我们继续前进的包袱。我们的事业越前进、越发展，新情况新问题就会越多，面临的风险和挑战就会越多，面对的不可预料的事情就会越多。我们必须增强忧患意识，做到居安思危。解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进，是马克思主义活的灵魂，是我们适应新形势、认识新事物、完成新任务的根本思想武器。全党同志首先是各级领导干部必须坚持马克思主义的发展观点，坚持实践是检验真理的唯一标准，发挥历史的主动性和创造性，清醒认识世情、国情、党情的变和不变，永远要有逢山开路、遇河架桥的精神，锐意进取，大胆探索，敢于和善于分析回答现实生活中和群众思想上迫切需要解决的问题，不断深化改革开放，不断有所发现、有所创造、有所前进，不断推进理论创新、实践创新、制度创新。
第四，我们党始终坚持共产主义远大理想，共产党员特别是党员领导干部要做共产主义远大理想和中国特色社会主义共同理想的坚定信仰者和忠实践行者。对马克思主义的信仰，对社会主义和共产主义的信念，是共产党人的政治灵魂，是共产党人经受住任何考验的精神支柱。党章明确规定，党的最高理想和最终目标是实现共产主义。党章同时明确规定，中国共产党人追求的共产主义最高理想，只有在社会主义社会充分发展和高度发达的基础上才能实现。想一下子、两下子就进入共产主义，那是不切实际的。邓小平同志说，巩固和发展社会主义制度，还需要一个很长的历史阶段，需要我们几代人、十几代人、甚至几十代人坚持不懈地努力奋斗。几十代人，那是多么长啊！从孔老夫子到现在也不过七十几代人。这样看问题，充分说明了我们中国共产党人政治上的清醒。必须认识到，我们现在的努力以及将来多少代人的持续努力，都是朝着最终实现共产主义这个大目标前进的。同时，必须认识到，实现共产主义是一个非常漫长的历史过程，我们必须立足党在现阶段的奋斗目标，脚踏实地推进我们的事业。如果丢失了我们共产党人的远大目标，就会迷失方向，变成功利主义、实用主义。中国特色社会主义是党的最高纲领和基本纲领的统一。中国特色社会主义的基本纲领，概言之，就是建立富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。这既是从我国正处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段的基本国情出发的，也没有脱离党的最高理想。我们既要坚定走中国特色社会主义道路的信念，也要胸怀共产主义的崇高理想，矢志不移贯彻执行党在社会主义初级阶段的基本路线和基本纲领，做好当前每一项工作。
革命理想高于天。没有远大理想，不是合格的共产党员；离开现实工作而空谈远大理想，也不是合格的共产党员。在我们党90多年的历史中，一代又一代共产党人为了追求民族独立和人民解放，不惜流血牺牲，靠的就是一种信仰，为的就是一个理想。尽管他们也知道，自己追求的理想并不会在自己手中实现，但他们坚信，只要一代又一代人为之持续努力，一代又一代人为此作出牺牲，崇高的理想就一定能实现，正所谓“砍头不要紧，只要主义真”。今天，衡量一名共产党员、一名领导干部是否具有共产主义远大理想，是有客观标准的，那就要看他能否坚持全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨，能否吃苦在前、享受在后，能否勤奋工作、廉洁奉公，能否为理想而奋不顾身去拼搏、去奋斗、去献出自己的全部精力乃至生命。一切迷惘迟疑的观点，一切及时行乐的思想，一切贪图私利的行为，一切无所作为的作风，都是与此格格不入的。一些人认为共产主义是可望而不可及的，甚至认为是望都望不到、看都看不见的，是虚无缥缈的。这就涉及是唯物史观还是唯心史观的世界观问题。我们一些同志之所以理想渺茫、信仰动摇，根本的就是历史唯物主义观点不牢固。要教育引导广大党员、干部把践行中国特色社会主义共同理想和坚定共产主义远大理想统一起来，做到虔诚而执着、至信而深厚。有了坚定的理想信念，站位就高了，眼界就宽了，心胸就开阔了，就能坚持正确政治方向，在胜利和顺境时不骄傲不急躁，在困难和逆境时不消沉不动摇，经受住各种风险和困难考验，自觉抵御各种腐朽思想的侵蚀，永葆共产党人政治本色。
事实一再告诉我们，马克思、恩格斯关于资本主义社会基本矛盾的分析没有过时，关于资本主义必然消亡、社会主义必然胜利的历史唯物主义观点也没有过时。这是社会历史发展不可逆转的总趋势，但道路是曲折的。资本主义最终消亡、社会主义最终胜利，必然是一个很长的历史过程。我们要深刻认识资本主义社会的自我调节能力，充分估计到西方发达国家在经济科技军事方面长期占据优势的客观现实，认真做好两种社会制度长期合作和斗争的各方面准备。在相当长时期内，初级阶段的社会主义还必须同生产力更发达的资本主义长期合作和斗争，还必须认真学习和借鉴资本主义创造的有益文明成果，甚至必须面对被人们用西方发达国家的长处来比较我国社会主义发展中的不足并加以指责的现实。我们必须有很强大的战略定力，坚决抵制抛弃社会主义的各种错误主张，自觉纠正超越阶段的错误观念。最重要的，还是要集中精力办好自己的事情，不断壮大我们的综合国力，不断改善我们人民的生活，不断建设对资本主义具有优越性的社会主义，不断为我们赢得主动、赢得优势、赢得未来打下更加坚实的基础。
通过以上分析，我们可以更加深刻地认识到，道路问题是关系党的事业兴衰成败第一位的问题，道路就是党的生命。毛泽东同志指出：“革命党是群众的向导，在革命中未有革命党领错了路而革命不失败的。”我们党在革命、建设、改革各个历史时期，坚持从我国国情出发，探索并形成了符合中国实际的新民主主义革命道路、社会主义改造和社会主义建设道路、中国特色社会主义道路，这种独立自主的探索精神，这种坚持走自己路的坚定决心，是我们党不断从挫折中觉醒、不断从胜利走向胜利的真谛。鲁迅先生有句名言：其实地上本没有路，走的人多了，也便成了路。中国特色社会主义，是科学社会主义理论逻辑和中国社会发展历史逻辑的辩证统一，是根植于中国大地、反映中国人民意愿、适应中国和时代发展进步要求的科学社会主义，是全面建成小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化、实现中华民族伟大复兴的必由之路。只要我们坚持独立自主走自己的路，毫不动摇坚持和发展中国特色社会主义，我们就一定能在中国共产党成立100年时全面建成小康社会，就一定能在新中国成立100年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。
（这是习近平总书记2013年1月5日在新进中央委员会的委员、候补委员学习贯彻党的十八大精神研讨班上讲话的一部分。）
Exceedingly Nietzsche (ed. David Farrell Krell, Routledge, 2012)
Originally published in 1988, this collection brings together a wide range of original readings on Friedrich Nietzsche, reflecting many aspects of Neitzsche in contemporary philosophy, literature and the social sciences. The Nietzsche these contributors discuss is the Nietzsche who exceeds any attempt at determinate interpretation, the Nietzsche whose capacity for renewing thought seems limitless. This is a powerful collection of essays and a major contribution to modern Nietzsche interpretation. (amazon)
Nietzsche: A Novel (David Farrell Krell, SUNY Press, 1996)
This historical-biographical novel fleshes out the facts of Nietzsche's life with fictional treatment. Using untraditional narrative techniques and interweaving medical reports, actual letters, and original new text, the novel takes the last years of Nietzsche's life, the years of insanity, as a frame for the entire life.
Krell offers a fictional account of the last ten years of Nietzsche's life, the years of his paralysis and madness. Nietzsche's regression during those years, from one of Europe's leading intellectual lights to a passive mascot for his sister's "Nietzsche Archive," provides the frame for a narrative of his entire life.
The author uses all the available medical documentation and the entire collection of works and letters in order to paint his portrait. While Nietzsche has been the object of several attempts at fictional biography, no attempt to date has been based on such careful research: even the highest flights of imagination in this work are based on scrupulous reading and reflection. (amazon) (accessible via questia)
Krell offers a fictional account of the last ten years of Nietzsche's life, the years of his paralysis and madness. Nietzsche's regression during those years, from one of Europe's leading intellectual lights to a passive mascot for his sister's "Nietzsche Archive," provides the frame for a narrative of his entire life.
The author uses all the available medical documentation and the entire collection of works and letters in order to paint his portrait. While Nietzsche has been the object of several attempts at fictional biography, no attempt to date has been based on such careful research: even the highest flights of imagination in this work are based on scrupulous reading and reflection. (amazon) (accessible via questia)
The Sea: A Philosophical Encounter (David Farrell Krell, Bloomsbury Academic, 2019-2-27)
Humankind has a profound and complex relationship with the sea, a relationship that is extensively reflected in biology, psychology, religion, literature and poetry. The sea cradles and soothes us, we visit it often for solace and inspiration, it is familiar, being the place where life ultimately began. Yet the sea is also dark and mysterious and often spells catastrophe and death. The sea is a set of contradictions: kind, cruel, indifferent. She is a blind will that will 'have her way'. In exploring this most capricious of phenomena, David Farrell Krell engages the work of an array of thinkers and writers including, but not limited to, Homer, Thales, Anaximander, Heraclitus, Plato, Aristotle, Hölderlin, Melville, Woolf, Whitman, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Schelling, Ferenczi, Rank and Freud.
The Sea explores the significance in Western civilization of the catastrophic and generative power of the sea and what humankind's complex relationship with it reveals about the human condition, human consciousness, temporality, striving, anxiety, happiness and mortality. (amazon) (kindle 2019-4-2)
now, interestingly enough, DFK went to the sea, via Ferenczi, among the ways (2019-4-2)
From Freud To Kafka: The Paradoxical Foundation of the Life-and-Death Instinct (Philippe Refabert, Routledge, 2018)
This book takes the reader on a captivating journey leading from an erroneous founding assumption inherited from Freud, to the proposal of a principle better suited to allowing the psychoanalyst to accompany the patient out of his impasse. The founding assumption of the book, already questioned by many analysts among whom Sandor Ferenczi figures as a brilliant forerunner, was the author's starting point in re-examining the basic precepts of psychoanalysis. Reading Kafka made the author conclude that this masterful storyteller describes borderline situations, so familiar to him, better than anyone. An avid reader of Freud, Kafka suggests that the human capacity to bear a paradoxical position between life and death is not given to the child naturally, at birth. Kafka seems to say that giving life is easy, but that giving it the necessary support in the form of the trace of death is more problematic. (amazon)
Philippe Réfabert obtained his medical degree in 1962 and after working as on-staff doctor in psychiatric hospitals between 1962 and 1966 set up private practice as a psychoanalyst in 1967. Between 1963 and 1973 he was a member of the Paris Psychoanalytic Society, and subsequently became a member of the College of Psychoanalysts and the “Fédération des Ateliers de Psychanalyse”. He served as President of the latter between 1991 and 1992. Philippe Réfabert is also a prolific author, known for his work on the first years of the psychoanalytic movement, and particularly on Freud’s relationship with Fliess, Jung, and Ferenczi. He has led seminars and published articles on psychoanalytic practice, epistemology, analytic commitment, memory and forgetting, and analytic procedure. He is currently leading a workshop on the theme of "Giving Time", and preparing a book on this primal paradoxical endowment. In this endeavor, he makes use of his clinical experience, and of the light and shadow found in the works of poets like Fernando Pessoa and Paul Celan. (amazon)
Philippe Réfabert obtained his medical degree in 1962 and after working as on-staff doctor in psychiatric hospitals between 1962 and 1966 set up private practice as a psychoanalyst in 1967. Between 1963 and 1973 he was a member of the Paris Psychoanalytic Society, and subsequently became a member of the College of Psychoanalysts and the “Fédération des Ateliers de Psychanalyse”. He served as President of the latter between 1991 and 1992. Philippe Réfabert is also a prolific author, known for his work on the first years of the psychoanalytic movement, and particularly on Freud’s relationship with Fliess, Jung, and Ferenczi. He has led seminars and published articles on psychoanalytic practice, epistemology, analytic commitment, memory and forgetting, and analytic procedure. He is currently leading a workshop on the theme of "Giving Time", and preparing a book on this primal paradoxical endowment. In this endeavor, he makes use of his clinical experience, and of the light and shadow found in the works of poets like Fernando Pessoa and Paul Celan. (amazon)
24
7:29 AM, what was the enigma Ferenczi left for us; Ferenczi's clinical diary, meticulously and intuitively, unattainable; first draft 3/31; the Italians, e.g. Carlo Bonomi, wrote in a mystic way, thrill; 我知道 面對的是巨大的不確定; 明下午四點半 過後 幾天空檔; 從來沒有進入過他的世界; 10:00 AM, H2 one fever; one hypomanic; at the end, 3 ER adm, 4 consult (shall be answered 4/2)
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