https://www.theguardian.com/education/2016/dec/29/john-shotter-obituary
https://www.taosinstitute.net/about-us/people/in-memoriam/john-shotter
https://kellychang2713.blogspot.com/search?q=Interobjectivity&max-results=20&by-date=false
起因是 interobjectivity / intraobjectivity
Chapter 3. From inter-subjectivity, via inter-objectivity, to intra-objectivity: from a determinate world of separate things to an indeterminate world of inseparable flowing processes (JOHN SHOTTER, 2013) In Understanding the Self and Others Explorations in intersubjectivity and interobjectivity, ed. by Gordon Sammut, Paul Daanen and Fathali M. Moghaddam, Routledge, 2013
What did John Shotter mean by from intersubjectivity to interobjectivity to intraobjectivity? (ChatGPT, 2024-11-9)
John Shotter, a prominent social psychologist, explored the progression from intersubjectivity to interobjectivity, and ultimately to intraobjectivity, to deepen our understanding of human interactions and the construction of reality.
Intersubjectivity refers to the shared understanding that emerges between individuals during interactions. It emphasizes how personal experiences and perspectives are aligned through communication, leading to mutual comprehension. Traditional psychology often focuses on this aspect, examining how individuals negotiate meanings to achieve common ground.
Interobjectivity, a concept introduced by Bruno Latour and further developed by Shotter, shifts the focus to the role of objects and artifacts in mediating social interactions. It suggests that shared understandings are not solely the product of direct interpersonal communication but are also shaped by the material and cultural artifacts present in our environment. These objects carry embedded meanings and affordances that influence and structure our interactions, facilitating a form of shared reality that transcends individual subjectivities.
Intraobjectivity delves deeper into the internalization of these shared meanings and practices. It examines how the external world, including social norms and material artifacts, becomes internalized within individuals, shaping their perceptions, thoughts, and behaviors. This concept highlights the process by which external, socially constructed realities are absorbed into one’s internal cognitive and emotional frameworks, influencing how individuals experience and engage with the world.
By tracing this trajectory from intersubjectivity to interobjectivity and intraobjectivity, Shotter aimed to illustrate the complex interplay between individual cognition, social interactions, and the material world. He argued that understanding human behavior and social reality requires acknowledging not only the direct interpersonal exchanges but also the broader socio-material contexts that shape and are shaped by these interactions.
Was John Shotter influenced by Karen Barad in formulating his ideas of interobjectivity and intraobjectivity? (ChatGPT, 2024-11-9)
John Shotter’s concepts of interobjectivity and intraobjectivity were developed independently of Karen Barad’s work. Shotter’s exploration of these ideas is rooted in his engagement with social constructionism and dialogical practices, focusing on how shared understandings and meanings emerge through interactions among individuals and objects. While both Shotter and Barad delve into the relational aspects of reality, their theoretical frameworks and influences differ. Barad’s agential realism, for instance, is heavily informed by quantum physics and the philosophy of science, emphasizing the entanglement of matter and meaning. In contrast, Shotter’s work is more aligned with social psychology and the philosophy of language, particularly drawing from thinkers like Wittgenstein and Bakhtin. Therefore, while there are thematic overlaps in their attention to relationality, Shotter’s development of interobjectivity and intraobjectivity was not directly influenced by Barad’s theories.
What does quantum entanglement mean? (ChatGPT, 2024-11-9)
Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon in quantum physics where two or more particles become linked, such that the state of one particle instantly influences the state of the other, regardless of the distance separating them. This connection is so strong that even if the particles are separated by vast distances, changing one particle’s properties (like its spin) will result in an immediate, corresponding change in the other particle’s properties.
This phenomenon challenges our classical understanding of how objects interact over distances and has been experimentally confirmed, but it also raises profound questions about the nature of reality and locality. Quantum entanglement is a foundational concept in quantum mechanics, playing a critical role in emerging technologies like quantum computing and quantum cryptography.
The idea was famously referred to as “spooky action at a distance” by Einstein, who found it troubling because it seemed to defy the limits of information transfer as described by the speed of light.
