https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonin_Artaud
Artaud in Rodez[edit]
In 1943, when France was occupied by the Germans and Italians, Robert Desnos arranged to have Artaud transferred to the psychiatric hospital in Rodez, well inside Vichy territory, where he was put under the charge of Dr. Gaston Ferdière.[26] At Rodez Artaud underwent therapy including electroshock treatments and art therapy.[27]:194 The doctor believed that Artaud's habits of crafting magic spells, creating astrology charts, and drawing disturbing images were symptoms of mental illness.[28] Artaud, at his peak began lashing out at others.[citation needed] Artaud denounced the electroshock treatments and consistently pleaded to have them suspended, while also ascribing to them 'the benefit of having returned him to his name and to his self mastery'.[27]:196 Scholar Alexandra Lukes points out that 'the "recovery" of his name' might have been 'a gesture to appease his doctors' conception of what constitutes health.'[27]:196 It was during this time that Artaud began writing and drawing again, after a long dormant period.[29] In 1946, Ferdière released Artaud to his friends, who placed him in the psychiatric clinic at Ivry-sur-Seine.[13]
- https://jacket2.org/commentary/antonin-artaud-asylums-and-after
- Gaston. "I Looked after Antonin Artaud". In Artaud at Rodez. Marowitz, Charles (1977). pp. 103–112. London: Marion Boyars. ISBN 0-7145-2632-0.
- https://artauddesnosthenovel.com/2019/12/30/from-book-3-gaston-ferdiere/
