Graham Parkes

Graham Parkes is Professor of Philosophy and Head of the School of Philosophy and Sociology at University College Cork, in Ireland, and a former senior fellow at the Harvard University Center for the Study of World Religions. Among his numerous publications, he is author of Composing the Soul: Reaches of Nietzsche’s Psychology; editor of Heidegger and Asian Thought and Nietzsche and Asian Thought; and translator of Nishitani Keiji’s The Self-Overcoming of Nihilism and François Berthier’s Reading Zen in the Rocks: The Japanese Dry Landscape Garden.

1.    Nishitani Keiji, The Self-Overcoming of Nihilism. Translated by Graham Parkes, with
      Setsuko Aihara. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press,1990

2.    Nietzsche and Asian Thought, ed. by Graham Parkes, University of Chicago Press, 1991

Friedrich Nietzsche's work has had a significant impact on the intellectual life of non-Western cultures and elicited responses from important thinkers outside of the Anglo-American philosophical traditions as well. Bringing together thirteen internationally renowned scholars, this is the first collection of essays to address the connection between Nietzsche's ideas and philosphies in India, China, and Japan. (amazon) 

3.    Composing the Soul: Reaches of Nietzsche's Psychology, by Graham Parkes, University of Chicago Press, 1994 (abebooks, 2018-12-31) (received 2019-1-24) (may work on this one 2020-4-4)

Nietzsche wrote in Ecce Homo (1888), "That a psychologist without equal speaks from my writings—this is perhaps the first insight gained by a good reader. . . . Who among the philosophers before me was in any way a psychologist? Before me there simply was no psychology."

Composing the Soul is the first study to pay sustained attention to this pronouncement and to examine the contours of Nietzsche's psychology in the context of his life and psychological makeup. Beginning with essays from Nietzsche's youth, Graham Parkes shows the influence of such figures as Goethe, Byron, and Emerson on Nietzsche's formidable and multiple talents. Parkes goes on to chart the development of Nietzsche's psychological ideas in terms of the imagery, drawn from the dialogues of Plato as well as from Nietzsche's own quasi-mystical experiences of nature, in which he spoke of the soul. Finally, Parkes analyzes Nietzsche's most revolutionary idea—that the soul is composed of multiple "drives," or "persons," within the psyche. The task for Nietzsche's psychology, then, was to identify and order these multiple persons within the individual—to compose the soul.

Featuring all new translations of quotations from Nietzsche's writings, Composing the Soul reveals the profundity of Nietzsche's lifelong personal and intellectual struggles to come to grips with the soul. Extremely well-written, this landmark work makes Nietzsche's life and ideas accessible to any reader interested in this much misunderstood thinker. (amazon)

4.    Reading Zen in the Rocks: The Japanese Dry Landscape Garden, by Francois Berthier, Graham Parkes, University of Chicago Press, 2000

The Japanese dry landscape garden has long attracted—and long baffled—viewers from the West. While museums across the United States are replicating these "Zen rock gardens" in their courtyards and miniature versions of the gardens are now office decorations, they remain enigmatic, their philosophical and aesthetic significance obscured. Reading Zen in the Rocks, the classic essay on the karesansui garden by French art historian François Berthier, has now been translated by Graham Parkes, giving English-speaking readers a concise, thorough, and beautifully illustrated history of these gardens.

Berthier's guided tour of the famous garden of Ryoanji (Temple) in Kyoto leads him into an exposition of the genre, focusing on its Chinese antecedents and affiliations with Taoist ideas and Chinese landscape painting. He traces the roles of Shinto and Zen Buddhism in the evolution of the garden and also considers how manual laborers from the lowest classes in Japan had a hand in creating some of its highest examples. Parkes contributes an equally original and substantive essay which delves into the philosophical importance of rocks and their "language of stone," delineating the difference between Chinese and Japanese rock gardens and their relationship to Buddhism. Together, the two essays compose one of the most comprehensive and elegantly written studies of this haunting garden form.

Reading Zen in the Rocks is fully illustrated with photographs of all the major gardens discussed, making it a handsome addition to the library of anyone interested in gardening, Eastern philosophy, and the combination of the two that the karesansui so superbly represents. (amazon)

5.   Parkes, Graham (2011) Heidegger and Japanese Fascism: An Unsubstantiated       Connection, in “Japanese and Continental Philosophy: Conversations with the Kyoto   School (Studies in Continental Thought)”, ed. by Bret W. Davis, et al., Indiana University   Press, pp. 247-265

6.    Parkes, Graham (2013) Heidegger and Nishitani on Nature and Technology

https://www.academia.edu/5030137/Heidegger_and_Nishitani_on_Nature_and_Technology_2013_

7.    Nishitani Keiji on Practicing Philosophy as a Matter of Life and Death, by Graham Parkes, in “The Oxford Handbook of Japanese Philosophy", ed. by Bret W. Davis, OUP, work in progress

Abstract and Keywords

This chapter offers an existential approach to those aspects of Nishitani’s philosophy that are motivated by a profound sense of the utter meaninglessness of existence and by the desire to confront that situation honestly. It examines his idea of the three fields of awareness: consciousness, (beneath it) nihility, and (at bottom) emptiness. Existence on the field of consciousness is too superficial to make for a fulfilling life. Drawing from Nietzsche and Heidegger, as well as from the Zen tradition, Nishitani outlines the field of nihility as a place of death rather than life and argues that if we can endure facing our finitude there will come a turn to the deeper field, of emptiness. On this field, we are able to encounter things “on their home ground” for the first time and also our selves as participants in the network of relations that constitute the world as “a field of force.”

Keywords: Nishitani, Nietzsche, Heidegger, consciousness, death, emptiness, nihilism, 
nihility, zazen, Zen

http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199945726.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199945726-e-25

Graham Parkes (b 1949)

https://kellychang2713.blogspot.com/search?q=graham+parkes

Heidegger's Hidden Sources: East-Asian Influences on his Work (Reinhard May, Routledge, 1996)

Heidegger's Hidden Sources documents for the first time Heidegger's remarkable debt to East Asian philosophy. In this groundbreaking study, Reinhard May shows conclusively that Martin Heidegger borrowed some of the major ideas of his philosophy - on occasion almost word for word - from German translations of Chinese Daoist and Zen Buddhist classics.

The discovery of this astonishing appropriation of non-Western sources will have important consequences for future interpretations of Heidegger's work. Moreover, it shows Heidegger as a pioneer of comparative philosophy and transcultural thinking. (amazon) 

Heidegger and Eastern thought[edit]

Some writers on Heidegger's work see possibilities within it for dialogue with traditions of thought outside of Western philosophy, particularly East Asian thinking.^{[citation needed]} Despite perceived differences between Eastern and Western philosophy, some of Heidegger's later work, particularly "A Dialogue on Language between a Japanese and an Inquirer", does show an interest in initiating such a dialogue.^[108] Heidegger himself had contact with a number of leading Japanese intellectuals, including members of the Kyoto School, notably Hajime Tanabe and Kuki Shūzō. Reinhard May refers to Chang Chung-Yuan who stated "Heidegger is the only Western Philosopher who not only intellectually understands Tao, but has intuitively experienced the essence of it as well."^[109] May sees great influence of Taoism and Japanese scholars in Heidegger's work, although this influence is not acknowledged by the author. He asserts: "The investigation concludes that Heidegger’s work was significantly influenced by East Asian sources. It can be shown, moreover, that in particular instances Heidegger even appropriated wholesale and almost verbatim major ideas from the German translations of Daoist and Zen Buddhist classics.^{[citation needed]} This clandestine textual appropriation of non-Western spirituality, the extent of which has gone undiscovered for so long, seems quite unparalleled, with far-reaching implications for our future interpretation of Heidegger’s work."^[110]

Heidegger and Asian philosophy[edit]

• Parkes, Graham (1987). Heidegger and Asian Thought. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0-8248-1064-3  (accessible via scribd) 
• May, Reinhard, & Parkes, Graham (1996). Heidegger's Hidden Sources: East Asian influences on his work. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-14037-4
• Nelson, Eric S. (2017). Chinese and Buddhist Philosophy in Early Twentieth-Century German Thought London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 9781350002555

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Heidegger#Heidegger_and_Eastern_thought

Nishitani Keiji (西谷 啓治 1900 – 1990)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keiji_Nishitani

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%B0%B7%E5%90%AF%E6%B2%BB

Nishitani Keiji. 1982. Religion and Nothingness. Translated by Jan Van Bragt. Berkeley: University of California Press. (ISBN 0-520-04946-2)

Nishitani Keiji. 1990. The Self-Overcoming of Nihilism. Translated by Graham Parkes and Aihara Setsuko. Albany: State University of New York Press. (pdf available)
http://azinelibrary.org/approved/Nishitani_-_The_Self-Overcoming_of_Nihilism.pdf

Nishitani Keiji. 1991. Nishida Kitarō. Translated by Yamamoto Seisaku and James W. Heisig. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Nishitani Keiji. 2006. On Buddhism. Translated by Yamamoto Seisaku and Robert E. Carter. Albany: State University of New York Press. (kindle 2016-9-15)

Nishitani Keiji. 2012. The Philosophy of Nishitani Keiji 1900-1990 - Lectures on Religion and Modernity. Translated by Jonathan Morris Augustine and Yamamoto Seisaku. New York: The Edwin Meller Press. (ISBN 0-7734-2930-1)

Max Stirner (1806-1856) (Nihilism, why not) (Daseinsanalysis)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Stirner

In the same year, 1951, a book appeared in France which took the overcoming of nihilism as the central task confronting humanity at mid-century, L'Homme revolte (The Rebel) by Albert Camus.  In two chapters entitled "Absolute Affirmation" and "Nihilism and History," Camus discusses the ideas of Max Stirner and Nietzsche. While the discussion of Stirner (omitted, sadly, from the English translation of the book) is much shorter than Nishitani's, the treatment of Nietzsche is remarkably similar. Citing many of the same passages, Camus too views Nietzsche as a prophetic diagnostician of modern culture, and emphasizes the theme of amor fati and Nietzsche's method of undergoing the experience of nihilism so thoroughly that it finally overcomes itself.

Nishitani Keiji (1990). The Self-Overcoming of Nihilism. Translated by Graham Parkes and Setsuko

Aihara, SUNY Press. p. xviii. 

Graham Parkes - "Nietzschean Themes in The Book of Disquiet" (Lisbon, 2014-10-16)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JiSp2YTxCPw&list=PLrSjfnUw3J3T13nuR4qgP4vIE3dPhf3r1

Nihilism - why is there something, rather than nothing (Daseinsanalysis)

1.      Martin Heidegger and European Nihilism, by Karl Lowith (Author), Richard Wolin (Editor), Gary Steiner (Translator), Columbia University Press, 1995

2.      Friedrich Nietzsche and European Nihilism (Nietzsche Now), by Paul van Tongeren, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2018

https://www.cambridgescholars.com/download/sample/64572

3.      The Abyss of the self: How to survive deepest nihilism? by Don Nieve, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2018 (kindle refund 2019-10-22)

4.      The Self-Overcoming of Nihilism, by Keiji Nishitani (Author), Setsuko Aihara (Translator), Graham Parkes (Translator), SUNY Press, 1990

5.      Philosophers of Nothingness: An Essay on the Kyoto School, by James W. Heisig, University of Hawaii Press, 2001   

In James Heisig's Philosophers of Nothingness Nishitani is quoted as saying "The fundamental problem of my life … has always been, to put it simply, the overcoming of nihilism through nihilism."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keiji_Nishitani#Partial_bibliography_in_English_translation

6.      Because Metaphysics has in one way or another sought to banish or ignore this unaccountable source of man and Being, Heidegger follows Nietzsche in identifying the history of metaphysics as nihilism. (Martin Heidegger: Basic Writings, 1977, p. 103)