https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Tosquelles
With the Nationalist victory in the Spanish Civil War in early 1939, he crossed the France–Spain border and spent three months in the Sètfonts internment camp, where he created a psychiatric unit. In 1940, he worked at a psychiatric hospital in Sent Auban, an impoverished area of France that served as a hiding place for surrealist artists and thinkers during the Nazi occupation of France. He also contributed to the birth of art brut: the hospital's patients created sculptures and objects from the materials they had at hand, and some of the pieces are now part of museum collections.[4]
From 1952 on, he hired the anti-colonialist thinker Frantz Fanon as a resident doctor, whom he gave a medical and political education, and with whom he shared a desire to defend minority languages and cultures.[1] His initial impression of Fanon was a negative one, largely because Fanon had studied at the University of Lyon, whose approach to psychiatry Tosquelles opposed.[5] However, he eventually came to recognize admire Fanon's anti-establishment attitude.[5] Together, Tosquelles and Fanon wrote a series of research papers that delivered a positive assessment of Lucio Bini's method of electroconvulsive therapy.[5]
Together with Lucien Bonnafé, Tosquelles founded the school of institutional psychotherapy, a movement which later gave rise to anti-psychiatry. He also chaired seminars on the history of psychoanalysis in the Catalan countries in Perpinyà. In the late 1960s he was appointed the director of the Institut Pere Mata. He led the institute until his death in Granjas d'Òut in 1994.[1]
